Course Learning Outcomes vs Course Learning Objectives
Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs) are broad, overarching goals that describe what learners should be able to do by the end of the entire course. They represent the final goals of learning and guide the overall design of content, activities, and assessments. CLOs focus on the big-picture skills and competencies learners will gain. Learning objectives(also called module, unit, weekly, or lesson objectives), however, are more specific and detailed. They break down CLOs into smaller, manageable steps that learners achieve throughout the course. Learning objectives guide day-to-day instruction and help ensure learners are progressing toward the overall outcomes.
Examples from my minicourse:
Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs):
-
Develop a simple, user-centered app prototype using a design tool.
-
Evaluate and improve an app prototype using usability principles and feedback.
Learning Objectives (aligned to the CLOs):
-
Create a wireframe with at least three connected screens to represent app layout and navigation.
-
Apply at least two design principles (e.g., visual hierarchy, consistency) to improve prototype usability.
Bloom's Taxonomy
Bloom’s Taxonomy is a widely used framework that helps instructional designers and educators classify learning goals based on cognitive complexity. Originally developed by Benjamin Bloom in the 1950s and later revised (2001), it organizes thinking skills into six hierarchical levels, from basic to advanced. The Framework provides a structured guide for creating learning objectives and activities that align with the desired level of cognitive engagement.
1. Remembering
Recalling basic facts or information (e.g., listing or identifying concepts).
4. Analyzing
Breaking information into parts to examine relationships or patterns (e.g., comparing or organizing).
2. Understanding
Explaining ideas or concepts in one’s own words (e.g., summarizing or describing).
5. Evaluating
Making judgments based on criteria (e.g., critiquing or justifying decisions).
3. Applying
Using knowledge in new or practical situations (e.g., completing tasks or solving problems).
6. Creating
Producing new ideas, designs, or products (e.g., designing or building something original).